Backend Interview Questionsand what they ask next
Interviewers do not stop at your first answer. They change one thing and ask again: now it runs on ten servers, now Redis is down. Every question here comes with the follow-ups that come next, and an AI interviewer scores each step, so you find out how deep you can really go.
- ladders
- 24ladders
- questions with answers
- 96questions with answers
- topics
- 8topics
- Fresher
How would you limit each user to 100 requests a minute? Compare a fixed window with a sliding window.
- SDE 1Twenty servers
One user's requests are spread across 20 API servers. Where does the counter live?
- SDE 2Bursts
With a fixed window, a user sends 100 requests at 10:00:59 and 100 more at 10:01:00: 200 in two seconds. How do you prevent that, and how does a token bucket work?
- SeniorRedis goes down
Your rate limiter's Redis becomes unavailable. Do you let every request through or block every request?
Pick a topic
Three ladders each. The first answer on every ladder is free to read; a free account unlocks the follow-ups and AI scoring.
- APIs and HTTPIdempotency, pagination, sessions and tokens.Payment API retriesPaginating a big listSessions and tokens3 ladders, 12 questions
- Databases and SQLIndexes, transactions, isolation and N+1 queries.IndexesTransactions and isolationThe N+1 query problem3 ladders, 12 questions
- Caching and RedisCache-aside, stampedes, Redis memory and CDNs.Cache-aside and stale dataRedis in productionHTTP and CDN caching3 ladders, 12 questions
- ConcurrencyRace conditions, the Node event loop, thread pools.Race conditions and locksThe Node.js event loopThread pools in Java3 ladders, 12 questions
- Distributed systemsRetries, timeouts, consistency and unique ids.Retries and timeoutsConsistency and replicasUnique IDs at scale3 ladders, 12 questions
- Queues and eventsDelivery guarantees, Kafka scaling, background jobs.Delivery guaranteesScaling Kafka consumersBackground jobs3 ladders, 12 questions
- System designURL shortener, rate limiter, notifications.URL shortenerRate limiterNotification system3 ladders, 12 questions
- Debugging productionLatency spikes, memory leaks, a database at 100%.Latency spikeMemory leakDatabase at 100% CPU3 ladders, 12 questions
